Protocol Development and Quality Improvement
Continuous QI should include quality indicators and periodic reviews of pharmacist-written
documentation and consultations.
other hospitals and bed size. They increase the credibility of data collection methods and results when
evaluated by health care administrators (Appendix 2).
To document raw drug cost savings from changing to less expensive medications, the following method
may be applied: subtract the cost of the originally prescribed drug therapy (drug daily cost multiplied
by the number of days prescribed) from the cost of the less expensive drug therapy (drug daily cost
multiplied by the number of days prescribed). Using this method, the cost of intravenous diluents and
admixture fluids and syringes used in the preparation process may be included. Medication costs can
also be affected by factors such as shortages and FDA granting using a New Drug Application.
Value of pharmacist interventions should be determined as well. Value may be assigned utilizing cost-
avoidance associated with types of pharmacist interventions or with the Overhage and Lukes scale.
Documentation of interventions for reporting to other hospital committees such as the P&T committee
should include the following:
Date, time
Type of intervention
Drug(s) involved
| d. | Prescriber name, service, and type of health care provider |
|---|
Duration of time spent completing the intervention
Whether the intervention was accepted or denied, or clarification was achieved
Value of the intervention (e.g. cost avoidance, Overhage & Lukes scale)
Documentation of services should show diversity, effectiveness, cost, and outcomes of activities.
Policy development
Research
Resource use
| d. | Management |
|---|
Leadership
Education
Health care professionals (e.g., physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists)
Pharmacy students
ii.
Pharmacy residents (PGY1, PGY2) and pharmacy fellows
iii.
Pharmacy personnel
Outcomes of documentation
Generate a business plan to expand clinical services:
Background and description
ii.
Market and competitor analysis
iii.
Operational structure and processes
iv.
Financial projections
Milestones, schedules, and action plan
vi.
References
vii.
Supportive documents
viii.
Financial pro forma statements
ix.
Letters of support
Establish additional clinical services.
Expand roles of existing services.
| d. | Assess new processes or practices (prescriber privileges or provider reimbursement). |
|---|