Infectious Diseases II

Bacterial infections, multiple/recurrent (children

< 13 yr)

Candidiasis: Bronchi, trachea, or lungs

Candidiasis: Esophageal

Cervical cancer: Invasive (> 13 yr)

Coccidioidomycosis: Disseminated or

extrapulmonary

Cryptococcosis: Extrapulmonary

Cryptosporidiosis: Chronic intestinal (for > 1 mo)

Cytomegalovirus disease

(other than the liver, spleen, or nodes)

Cytomegalovirus retinitis (with loss of vision)

Encephalopathy: Related to HIV

Herpes simplex: Chronic ulcer(s)

(for > 1 mo); bronchitis, pneumonitis, or

esophagitis

Histoplasmosis: Disseminated or extrapulmonary

Isosporiasis: Chronic intestinal

Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia or pulmonary

lymphoid hyperplasia complex (children < 13 yr)

Lymphoma: Burkitt (or equivalent term)

Lymphoma: Immunoblastic (or equivalent term)

Lymphoma: Primary or brain

Mycobacterium avium complex or M. kansasii:

Disseminated or extrapulmonary

M. tuberculosis: Any site (pulmonary or

extrapulmonary)

Mycobacterium: Other species or unidentified

species; disseminated or extrapulmonary

P. jiroveci pneumonia

Pneumonia: Recurrent

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

Salmonella septicemia (recurrent)

Toxoplasmosis of brain

Wasting syndrome caused by HIV

Patient Case

A 46-year-old man is admitted to the medical ICU for diabetic ketoacidosis. The patient has a history of

insulin-dependent diabetes, is HIV positive, and has cryptococcal meningitis. His current HAART regimen

consists of atazanavir, ritonavir, tenofovir, and emtricitabine, which is continued on admission to the ICU.

The patient’s CD4+ count is 85 cells/mm3. The patient’s diabetic ketoacidosis is well controlled, and he is

ready to be discharged from the ICU. Before discharge, the patient is noted not to be on any prophylaxis

against OIs. Which prophylactic regimen would be most appropriate for the patient?

thrice weekly.