Index
Module 5 • Medication Safety
Pharmacoeconomics & Safe Medication Use
82%
Core Content
Pharmacoeconomics & Safe Medication Use
Adrian Wong ~3 min read Module 5 of 20
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Pharmacoeconomics and Safe Medication Use

medication errors. JAMA. 2005;293(10):1197-1203.

https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.293.10.1197

Lee LM, Carias DC, Gosser R, Hannah A, Stephens S,

Templeman WA. ASHP guidelines on adverse drug reac-

tion monitoring and reporting. Am J Health Syst Pharm.

2022;79(1):e83-e89. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/zxab324

Shehab N, Lovegrove MC, Geller AI, Rose KO,

Weidle NJ, Budnitz DS. US emergency department

visits for outpatient adverse drug events, 2013-2014.

JAMA. 2016;316(20):2115-2125. https://doi.org/10.1001/

jama.2016.16201

Stockwell DC, Kane-Gill SL. Developing a patient safety

surveillance system to identify adverse events in the

intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 2010;38(6 suppl):S117-

S125. https://doi.org/10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181dde2d9

Vail E, Gershengorn HB, Hua M, Walkey AJ, Rubenfeld

G, Wunsch H. Association between US norepinephrine

shortage and mortality among patients with septic shock.

JAMA. 2017;317(14):1433-1442. https://doi.org/10.1001/

jama.2017.2841

Wong A, Amato MG, Seger DL, et al. Prospective

evaluation of medication-related clinical decision

support over-rides in the intensive care unit. BMJ

Qual Saf. 2018;27(9):718-724. https://doi.org/10.1136/

bmjqs-2017-007531

Wong A, Flanagan T, Covington EW. Forecasting the

impact of artificial intelligence on clinical pharmacy

practice. J Am Coll Clin Pharm. 2025;8(4):302-310.

https://doi.org/10.1002/jac5.70004

Clinical Practice Guidelines: Safe Medication Use in

the ICU

Kane-Gill SL, Dasta JF, Buckley MS, et al. Clinical

practice guideline: safe medication use in the ICU. Crit

Care Med. 2017;45(9):e877-e915. https://doi.org/10.1097/

ccm.0000000000002533

Kane-Gill SL, O’Connor MF, Rothschild JM, et al.

Technologic distractions. Part 1. Summary of approaches

to manage alert quantity with intent to reduce alert

fatigue and suggestions for alert fatigue metrics. Crit

Care Med. 2017;45(9):1481-1488. https://doi.org/10.1097/

ccm.0000000000002580

Shah PK, Irizarry J, O’Neill S. Strategies for managing

smart pump alarm and alert fatigue: a narrative review.

Pharmacotherapy.

2018;38(8):842-850.

https://doi.

org/10.1002/phar.2153

Winters BD, Cvach MM, Bonafide CP, et al. Technological

distractions. Part 2. A summary of approaches to manage

clinical alarms with intent to reduce alarm fatigue. Crit

Care Med. 2018;46(1):130-137. https://doi.org/10.1097/

ccm.0000000000002803

Drug Interaction Surveillance and Prevention

Fitzmaurice MG, Wong A, Akerberg H, et al. Evaluation

of potential drug-drug interactions in adults in the inten-

sive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Drug Saf. 2019;42(9):1035-1044. https://doi.org/10.1007/

s40264-019-00829-y

Horn JR, Hansten PD, Chan LN. Proposal for a new tool

to evaluate drug interaction cases. Ann Pharmacother.

2007;41(4):674-680. https://doi.org/10.1345/aph.1h423

Smithburger PL, Buckley MS, Bejian S, Burenheide

K, Kane-Gill SL. A critical evaluation of clinical deci-

sion support for the detection of drug-drug interactions.

Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2011;10(6):871-882. https://doi.

org/10.1517/14740338.2011.583916

Zheng WY, Richardson LC, Li L, Day RO, Westbrook

JI, Baysari MT. Drug-drug interactions and their harm-

ful effects in hospitalised patients: a systematic review

and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2018;74(1):15-

27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-017-2357-5

Formulary Process

Ciccarello C, Leber MB, Leonard MC, et al. ASHP

guidelines on the pharmacy and therapeutics commit-

tee and the formulary system. Am J Health Syst Pharm.

2021;78(10):907-918.

https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/

zxab080

Corman SL, Skledar SJ, Culley CM. Evaluation of con-

flicting literature and application to formulary decisions.

Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2007;64(2):182-185. https://doi.

org/10.2146/ajhp060086

Skledar SJ, Corman SL, Smitherman T. Addressing

innovative off-label medication use at an academic medi-

cal center. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2015;72(6):469-477.

https://doi.org/10.2146/ajhp140306

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