Evolution and Validation 0f Practice Standards, Training, and Professional Development
Patient Care
Essential:
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Rounding with interdisciplinary team
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Assists with informed pharmacotherapy decisions
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Provision of drug information to the critical care team
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Provision of drug therapy education to critical care team
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Assists with prevention of inappropriate drug therapy
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Provides clinical consultation for pharmacotherapeutic issues related to critical illness
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Medication consults are available 24 hr/d, 7 d/wk
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Provision of pharmacokinetic monitoring and therapeutic adjustments for targeted drugs
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Review of medication history for determination if maintenance therapy should be continued
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Medication reconciliation services for ICU patients upon admission, transfer, and discharge
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Prospective review of all orders for verification of appropriateness
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Patient and/or caregiver medication therapy education
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Performance of independent patient assessments, e.g., pain/agitation, delirium, nutrition
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Response to cardiac life support by ACLS certified pharmacists 24 hr/d, 7 d/wk
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Response to other resuscitation and time-dependent emergencies in the hospital
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Provision of stewardship of antimicrobials and other selected medications
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Collaboration with other pharmacists within the hospital as needed
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Provision of nutrition therapy plan and modifications in concert with clinical dieticians
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Use of medical record for communication with other healthcare professionals
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Documentation of patient care and economic impact of services
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Documentation of all clinical activities
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Pharmacy liaison with other interdisciplinary team members relative to medication policies, procedures, guide-
lines, and pathways
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Utilizes pharmacoeconomic analyses to evaluate new critical care pharmacotherapeutic agents
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Proactive in designing, prioritizing, and promoting new clinical pharmacy programs
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Evaluation of clinical pharmacy services for stakeholder satisfaction, significance, and economic value
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Participation in planning preparedness and implementation of processes for disaster and mass casualties
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Majority of time dedicated to critical care services
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Patient care time devoted to care of the critically ill patients
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Decentralized clinical services 24 hr/d
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Development of critical care pharmacist “teams”
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Appropriate pharmacist-to-patient ratio based on patient acuity and complexity
Desirable:
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Provision of medication management problems documentation of progress notes daily
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Preparation and presentation of drug monographs to the P&T Committee
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Provision of telemedicine services if onsite critical care pharmacists are absent