Index
Module 20 • Toxicology
Toxicology
86%
Core Content
Toxicology
Kyle Weant ~3 min read Module 20 of 20
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Toxicology

of hemodialysis on acetaminophen and acetylcyste-

ine kinetics. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2016;54(6):519-522.

https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2016.1175006

Gosselin S, Juurlink DN, Kielstein JT, et al.

Extracorporeal treatment for acetaminophen poisoning:

recommendations from the EXTRIP workgroup. Clin

Toxicol (Phila). 2014;52(8):856-867. https://doi.org/10.31

09/15563650.2014.946994

Hayes BD, Klein-Schwartz W, Doyon S. Frequency

of medication errors with intravenous acetylcyste-

ine for acetaminophen overdose. Ann Pharmacother.

2008;42(6):766-770. https://doi.org/10.1345/aph.1k685

Hernandez SH, Howland M, Schiano TD, Hoffman RS.

The pharmacokinetics and extracorporeal removal of

N-acetylcysteine during renal replacement therapies.

Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2015;53(10):941-949. https://doi.org

/10.3109/15563650.2015.1100305

Radosevich JJ, Patanwala AE, Erstad BL. Hepatotoxicity

in obese versus nonobese patients with acetamino-

phen poisoning who are treated with intravenous

N-acetylcysteine. Am J Ther. 2016;23(3):e714-e719.

https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mjt.0000434043.62372.00

Varney SM, Buchanan JA, Kokko J, et al. Acetylcysteine

for acetaminophen overdose in patients who weigh >

100kg. Am J Ther. 2014;21:159-163.

Wolf SJ, Heard K, Sloan EP, et al; American College of

Emergency Physicians. Clinical policy: critical issues in

the management of patients presenting to the emergency

department with acetaminophen overdose. Ann Emerg

Med.

2007;50(3):292-313.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.

annemergmed.2007.06.014

Salicylates

Bora K, Aaron C. Pitfalls in salicylate toxicity.

Am J Emerg Med. 2010;28(3):383-384. https://doi.

org/10.1016/j.ajem.2009.12.003

Juurlink DN, Gosselin S, Kielstein JT, et al.

Extracorporeal treatment for salicylate poisoning: sys-

tematic review and recommendations from the EXTRIP

workgroup. Ann Emerg Med. 2015;66(2):165-181. https://

doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.03.031

O’Malley GF. Emergency department management

of the salicylate-poisoned patient. Emerg Med Clin

North Am. 2007;25(2):333-346; abstract viii. https://doi.

org/10.1016/j.emc.2007.02.012

Pearlman BL, Gambhir R. Salicylate intoxication: a

clinical review. Postgrad Med. 2009;121(4):162-168.

https://doi.org/10.3810/pgm.2009.07.2041

Sibert JR, Craft AW, Jackson RH. Child-resistant

packaging and accidental child poisoning. Lancet.

1977;2(8032):289-290.

https://doi.org/10.1016/

s0140-6736(77)90966-7

Opioids

Boyer EW. Management of opioid analgesic overdose. N

Engl J Med. 2012;367(2):146-155. https://doi.org/10.1056/

nejmra1202561

Chyka PA. Clinical toxicology. In: DiPiro JT,

Talbert RL, Yee GC, et al, eds. Pharmacotherapy:

A Pathophysiologic Approach. 9e. McGraw-Hill;

2014:chap e10. http://accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/

content.aspx?bookid=689&sectionid=48811435

Goldfrank L, Weisman RS, Errick JK, Lo MW. A dosing

nomogram for continuous infusion intravenous nalox-

one. Ann Emerg Med. 1986;15(5):566-570. https://doi.

org/10.1016/s0196-0644(86)80994-5

Lavonas EJ, Akpunonu PD, Arens AM, et al. 2023

American Heart Association focused update on the man-

agement of patients with cardiac arrest or life-threatening

toxicity due to poisoning: an update to the American

Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary

Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care.

Circulation.

2023;148(16):e149-e184.

https://doi.

org/10.1161/cir.0000000000001161

Mills CA, Flacke JW, Miller JD, Davis LJ, Bloor BC,

Flacke WE. Cardiovascular effects of fentanyl reversal

by naloxone at varying arterial carbon dioxide tensions

in dogs. Anesth Analg. 1988;67(8):730-736.

Morris J, Hoang D. The management of xylazine over-

dose with naloxone. Cureus. 2024;16(4):e57638. https://

doi.org/10.7759/cureus.57638

Loperamide

Vakkalanka JP, Charlton NP, Holstege CP. Epidemiologic

trends in loperamide abuse and misuse. Ann Emerg

Med.

2017;69(1):73-78.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.

annemergmed.2016.08.444

Wu PE, Juurlink DN. Clinical review: loperamide tox-

icity. Ann Emerg Med. 2017;70(2):245-252. https://doi.

org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.04.008

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